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Edward L. Vail agreed to lease a building he owned for the Rosemont School at the rate of ninety-five dollars per year. The building was located on the Fair View Placer Claim approximately 1/4 mile east from the Post Office in the Village of…

Reporter Monica Ortiz Uribe describes the violence in Juarez and how it has affected everyday life. Ortiz also discusses the fear of many who lived in Juarez and El Paso and how it has affected her work in trying to report the violence in the area.…

Photograph of African American church congregation seated inside church.

Front page of a 1960 issue of the Arizona Dispatch

Photograph of multiple Dunbar students standing on a float during a parade.

Cover of the 1890 diary in which Edward L. Vail wrote entries during the cattle drive from the Empire Ranch in Arizona to the Warner Ranch in Southern California.

On horseback at the mouth of Rosemont Canyon (c.a. 1896 - 1898) are Edward L. Vail, older brother of Walter L. Vail and partner in Empire Ranch, George Scholefield, neighbor and former Live Stock Inspector and Detective for the district of Pantano…

Walter Vail's home on the Empire Ranch. When Walter Vail's wife arrived on the ranch in the summer of 1881, Walter improved the house with an eight-room addition including two bedrooms, a living room, a dining area, and a covered porch. The structure…

The railroad Walter Vail and his partners used to ship cattle to other locations such as Kansas City, St. Louis, Chicago, and California. The prospect of shipping cattle to Eastern buyers caused ranchers to improve their herds and occupy the…

Men on horses rounding up broncos. Tom Turner one of the foremen at Empire Ranch was known as a hard boss and his roundup hours were rather early and rather late which didn't please many cowboys.

The holding gate at the Empire Ranch. A holding gate keeps animals in the holding area so they can be sorted out.

Three men posing for a picture in 1879 after Edward L. Vail (the tenderfoot's) arrival at Empire Ranch. Walter L. Vail and Herbert R. Hislop bought the Empire Ranch on August 22, 1876 from E.N. Fish and Silverberg. John H. Harvey was brought on as…

Harry Heffner branding a steer at the Empire Ranch. The Empire Ranch used several brands including the heart, the letter V, and the initials VH. 200 to 250 calves branded in a day was considered a big branding day's work.

Harry Heffner on a horse with a lasso at the Empire Ranch. Harry Heffner was the Foreman from 1893 to 1905. He started with Empire Ranch in April of 1893 helping to gather the cattle on Catalina Island to be shipped to Kansas.

School children and horses in front of the Empire School. E. L. Vail owned the building and leased it out in 1897 to be used for the school which was near but not part of the ranch.

The Empire Ranch homestead was originally a four-room adobe building without windows and doors. Improvements were made such as adding a kitchen, pantry, cook's room, and business office. Further improvements were made with the arrival of Walter's new…