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                <text>This 1906 map of Arizona shows thirteen counties and railroad routes. Included on the map is the town of Vail, which was named for Walter Vail, who deeded land to the railroad for its stop. The Empire Ranch location is not shown on this map as it was on earlier maps.</text>
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                <text>Wilson, Frederick W.</text>
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                <text>Rate notices and bill for dues from the Arizona Cattle Growers Association which was $2.00 annually, plus one-half cent per head above 200 head. The document is stamped paid and has hand written notation of calculation indicating Vail's dues of $33.88.</text>
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                <text>Records of the Empire Ranch (AZ 246)</text>
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                <text>Public Domain: This material has been identified as being free of known restrictions under U.S. copyright law, including all related neighboring rights</text>
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                <text>This bill of sale is from Henry M. Kemp to Vail and Hislop. Vail and Hislop bought 160 acres from Fish and Silverberg for $2000 in gold coin according to the Pima County Recorder Book 3, pages 551-554 (not shown here). Afterwards they purchased the 612 head of sheepsome land and personal property as represented in this bill of sale. This document verifies the expansion and growth of the Empire Ranch in its earliest years.</text>
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                <text>Cowboy riding a bucking horse. Horses were critical to the running of any ranch. Mr. Vail turned over the breaking of horses to his best men. Harry Heffner stated the horse from his withers forward belonged to Vail; the other part belonged to the cowboy.</text>
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                <text>A cattle roundup. As cattle wander far in grazing, herds become mingled. The roundup permits separation of each owner's stockand because calves always follow their mother, the finding and branding of the past year's calf crop is easily accomplished.</text>
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                <text>This cowboy (most likely Harry Heffner) at Empire Ranch is dressed in typical cowboy regalia standing next to his horse. Harry Heffner reminisced that the cowboys liked fancy bridles with silver but as far as their clothing was concerned, Levi Strauss and a $2.50 pair of boots were okay.</text>
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